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IF Statement

Introduction​

This section introduces the syntax of the IF statement, one of the control statements in Wave. The IF statement is a control statement in programming that evaluates a condition and executes a specific code if the condition is true. This allows you to control the flow of a program based on conditions, enabling the creation of flexible and logical code.

Basic Structure​

The IF statement evaluates a specific condition and executes the specified code block only if that condition is true. The basic structure of the IF statement in Wave is as follows:

if (condition) {
    // Code to execute if the condition is true
}

Conditions are written using comparison operators (==, !=, <, >, <=, >=) or logical operators (&&, ||, !). If the condition is false, the code block is not executed.

Example​

The following is a simple example of an IF statement:

var temperature :i32 = 30;

if (temperature > 25) {
    println("The weather is hot.");
}

In the code above, if the temperature value is greater than 25, the message "The weather is hot." will be printed.

IF_ELSE Statement​

If the condition is not true, you can write alternative code to execute using the IF-ELSE statement. The structure is as follows:

if (condition) {
    // Code to execute if the condition is true
} else {
    // Code to execute if the condition is false
}

Example:​

var score :i32 = 70;

if (score >= 60) {
    println("You passed!");
} else {
    println("You failed.");
}

"You passed!" is printed if the score is 60 or higher, otherwise "You failed." is printed.

Nested IF Statement​

An IF statement can be used inside another IF statement. This is called a nested IF statement, and it is useful for handling complex conditions.

var score :i32 = 85;

if (score >= 60) {
    if (score >= 90) {
        println("Excellent grade!");
    } else {
        println("You passed.");
    } 
} else {
    println("You failed.");
}

In the example above, messages "Excellent grade!", "You passed.", or "You failed." are printed depending on the score.

Summary​

  • The IF statement is a control statement that evaluates a condition to execute a specific block of code.
  • An ELSE statement can be added to specify code to execute if the condition is false.
  • Nested IF statements are used to handle complex conditions.

Using the IF statement, you can make the flow of a program more logical and dynamic!